We dont have much information about Hes past relationship and any previous engaged. Type above and press Enter to search. Jack was born Nov. 22, 1926 in Cleveland, Ohio to Merton B. and Evaline (Roberts) Smith. [34] They debuted in a six-person mixed tag team match, losing to Mike Kruel, Vladimir Kozlov and Milena Roucka. As President and CEO of Boyd Gaming Corp, Keith Smith has a total base salary of, Keith Smith received compensation valued at about, The vast majority of their compensation came in the form of, Boyd Gaming Corp's most recent insider trade came on February 28, 2023 by Jack Smith was born on 14 October, 1983 in Hemel Hempstead, United Kingdom. Also, he received a good offer from All Japan Pro Wrestling, but he chose NJPW due to the previous relationship. Thomas). Insider trading is most common in January, with the busiest year in 2013. 1 2 3 4 Restoration Process In 1973, he was 46 years old when on January 28th, the Paris Peace Accord was signed - supposedly ending the Vietnam War. [10] In the same year, Smith formed a stable known as The Hart Foundation Version 2.0 with Wilson, Jack Evans, and Teddy Hart. On the November 2, edition of Fusion the Hart Foundation beat ACH, Swann and Marko Stunt in a six-man tag team match. lost the GHC Tag Team Championship to Naomichi Marufuji and Toru Yano on May 28, 2016. [122][123] K.E.S. He was a builder and real estate developer. She was born in 1970, which means she is 52 years old. [24] While there, Smith met with WWE executives, John Laurinaitis and Carl De Marco, and signed a developmental contract with on April 4, 2006. Keith Smith who sold 175,631 units worth made their first successful title defense on November 11 at Power Struggle, defeating Tenzan and Kojima in a rematch. [27][28], Harry debuted in Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), at the February 14, 2007 television tapings, in a tag team match with Kofi Nahaje Kingston, in which they defeated The Belgium Brawler and Nicholas Sinn. According to our Database, He has no children. In the company's statement, they said he would continue to compete in Japan. This Packard has won three awards since 2014, including Pebble Beach Concours dElegance in 2014 and 1st place at Amelia Island Concours dElegance and Concours dElegance of America at St. Johns in 2015. According to Wikipedia, Forbes, IMDb & Various Online resources, famous Association Football Player Jack Smiths net worth is $1-5 Million at the age of 25 years old. defeated Tencozy to regain the NWA World Tag Team Championship. Welcome to AncientFaces, a com "Thank you for helping me find my family & friends again so many years after I lost them. On November 6, Smith wrestled in the main event of a Stampede Wrestling show in Barrie, Ontario,[79] defeating Fit Finlay. They married in July 2011., whenever we get more information we will be updated soon. NFL Player Damar Hamlin in Critical Condition after Collapsing on Field, Legendary Designer Vivienne Westwood Dies Aged 81, 10 Female IAS Officers who can inspire us. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Find census, military, and other historical records.*. He is ranked on the list of 84660 popular Association Football Player. Goode later became a Republican. "Boyd was quoted in the national press numerous times on the Cobell native American trust fund case. Unlock the mysteries of your family history and explore the rich tapestry of your past with AncientFaces. Having the house of your dreams is one thing; having a secure space that reflects charm and creativity is quite another. He is married to Katy Chevigny. https://t.co/W2xbMrDZwl, The New York Times (@nytimes) November 18, 2022. When I was in WWE I lost the passion and when I left WWE, I thought that my career was done. In 1984, at the age of 57 years old, Jack was alive when due to outrage about "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom" (it seemed too "dark" to many and it was rated PG), a new rating was devised - PG-13. View property details and household demographic information related to income, investments, and interests. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. took part in the round-robin portion of the 2012 World Tag League, finishing with a record of four wins and two losses, advancing to the semifinals of the tournament in the second place in their group. 355) and vodka mogul . $1-$3million. received another shot at the NWA World Tag Team Championship, this time in a regular tag team match, but were again defeated by Tencozy. failed to regain the NWA World Tag Team Championship from Tencozy in a three-way match, which also included Rob Conway and Wes Brisco. Keith Smith received compensation valued at about $2,973,606 in 2020 after becoming President and CEO. He is appointed on 18 November 2022 as the Special Counsel in investigating Donald Trumps role in the January 6 attack on the U.S. Capitol. [86], On August 13, 2012, New Japan Pro-Wrestling announced that Smith would be returning to the promotion the following month as a member of Minoru Suzuki's Suzuki-gun stable, forming a regular tag team with stablemate Lance Archer. After a near two year hiatus, Davey Boy Smith Jr. returned to Major League Wrestling at the Fightland event, teaming with The Billington Bulldogs (Thomas and Mark Billington) defeating The Bomaye Fight Club (Alex Kane, Myron Reed and Mr. Jack Smiths height Unknown & weight Not Available right. He is one of the Richest Association Football Player who was born in United Kingdom. What schools or universities did Jack attend? Jack Boyd Smith of North Fort Myers, Lee County, Florida was born on February 20, 1927, and died at age 84 years old on April 22, 2011. Friends can be as close as family. So, how much is Jack Smith worth at the age of 38 years old? His favorite piece of furniture is a Koa rocking chair that he and his wife Laura bought years ago on Maui. The potential buyer knew exactly what he was looking at and the cars rarity and said, Ill give you a blank check. Let's check, How Rich is Pei Enca, Dame Esther Rantzen Confirms Lung Cancer Diagnosis, Johnson Was Cautioned About Richard Sharp Lending Advice. [10] He made an early appearance with the then World Wrestling Federation (Now WWE) on October 5, 1996, at the age of 11 when he teamed with his cousin Ted Annis against TJ Wilson and Andrew Picarnia at a WWF house show in Calgary. In his role with the National Black Farmers Association, Boyd has worked closely with national leaders in government, agriculture organizations and rural groups nationwide as well as internationally. On June 11, Smith & Doug Williams, now called the Commonwealth Connection defeated La Rebelin to win the NWA World Tag Team Championship. Select the next to any field to update. [121] On January 4, 2014, at Wrestle Kingdom 8 in Tokyo Dome, K.E.S. Full body measurements, dress & shoe size will be updated soon. In 1927, in the year that Jack Boyd Smith was born, the first "talkie" (a movie with music, songs, and talking), The Jazz Singer, was released. He then was not seen again on the main roster in over a year. By: jdubble07. In May 2002, Smith teamed with his father on two occasions, shortly before his father died. Where was Jack born and where did he live? Jack Boyd Smith Jack Smith (1927 - 2011) Jump to: Biography Memories . [68][69] At Night of Champions, The Hart Dynasty lost the WWE Tag Team Championship to Cody Rhodes and Drew McIntyre in a Tag Team Turmoil match which also involved The Usos, Vladimir Kozlov and Santino Marella, and the team of Evan Bourne and Mark Henry. [124][125] On May 25 at Back to the Yokohama Arena, K.E.S. Following his loss, MLW owner Court Bauer announced in a press conference that Smith would be leaving MLW. AADOM Radio-THE Podcast For Dental Managers podcast episodes, Risk and Reels: A Cybersecurity Podcast podcast episodes, All About Affordable NFTs podcast episodes, We Are The Gayers | A Buffy Podcast podcast episodes, The Lorehounds: A Mandalorian Podcast podcast episodes, The Not Ready for Prime Time Podcast podcast episodes, The Movie Roulette Podcast podcast episodes, I Watch More Movies Than You podcast episodes, The House That Screams Horror Podcast podcast episodes, Weird, Together: Watching the Latest in Indie Horror Films podcast episodes. Also find all Bollywood Movie Information related to release date, Reviews, Web Series Information and celebrities, gossips, and entertainment news. The first film rated PG-13 was "Red Dawn". 23 while the Dobson family, owner of Whataburger, ranked No. He is not dating anyone. Refresh this page to see various historical events that occurred during Jack's lifetime. [60][61][62], The following day, all three members of The Hart Dynasty were moved to the Raw brand as part of the Supplemental Draft. Harry Francis Smith[1][12] (born August 2, 1985)[2] is a Canadian professional wrestler, He was also a tobacco farmer for many years.Boyd is a fourth-generation farmer. Jack Boyd Smith, Sr., 85, of Bristol, died at 8:39 a.m. a [16], He has a younger sister named Georgia who is a voice over artist and wrestling personality. 69 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the, RCW Canadian Heavyweight Championship (1 time), RKK Tag Team Championship Tournament (2011) with, West Coast (Vegas) Championship: Masters No-Gi Expert Super Heavy Weight Division (2016), The Border Patrol (Agent Gunn and Agent Maxx), Team Extreme (Khris Germany and Kit Carson), Disturbing Behavior (Jeff Daniels and Tim Renesto), The Usual Suspects (A.J. John Boyd (farmer) Born: September 4, 1965 (age 55years), New York, New York, United States, John Boyd (farmer) Awards: James Beard Foundation Leadership Award, John Boyd (farmer) Party: Democratic Party, John Boyd (farmer) Founded organization: National Black Farmers Association. This model and year was the first run of Packards famed Twelve, which succeeded the Twin Six, and was the only year with the fold-out window design. Thus begun the demise of silent films and the rise of "talkies". The most active traders at the company are Jack Smith is 1 of the famous people in our database with the age of 25 years old. Date of Birth: Sep 9, 1985 (37 years old) Place of Birth: Freehold Borough. received a rematch for the title on February 9 at The New Beginning in Hiroshima, but were again defeated by Bullet Club. Houston's wealthiest, Richard Kinder, was one of two local billionaires whose net worth declined. targeting IWGP Tag Team Champions Tomohiro Ishii and Toru Yano. [40] On October 29, Smith and Jeff Hardy defeated Carlito and Mr. Boyd himself is nearly a billionaire again (estimated net worth: $700 million-plus), and his company has swung from a $223 million loss in 2008 to nearly $200 million in profit last year.. Its rattlesnake season in Texas. Disclamer: John Boyd (farmer) net worth displayed here are calculated based on a combination social factors. During the primaries Boyd also organized supporters and spoke at events in Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi. newspressuk.com Learn How rich is He in this year and how He spends money? [154] From there they begun feuding with the MLW World Tag Team Champions Lucha Brothers (Pentagon Jr. and Fenix). faced Tencozy and The IronGodz (Jax Dane and Rob Conway) in a two-fall three-way match. The Official Fan Page of Diana Hart Smith: "My son Harry Francis Smith in Belgium, 2014" Cf. [29] At the following taping, the duo of Harry and Kofi became collectively known as the Commonwealth Connection and faced La Rsistance in a losing effort. A management team that encourages innovation and vision. The list is online at www.forbes.com/forbes400 and will be in the magazine Oct. 25. [104] On March 23, Smith was eliminated from the tournament in the semifinals by Hirooki Goto. Tilman Fertitta, head of the Landry's restaurant and casino empire, saw his wealth rise by $400 million to $2.7 billion in 2016. [72] On the next episode of Raw, Kidd defeated Smith in a rematch.[73]. $1.8M on June 8, 2022. Jack Smith Jr. [114] The tournament concluded on August 11 with a match, where Smith was defeated by his tag team partner Lance Archer, costing him a spot in the finals and ending his tournament with a record of five wins and four losses. There is 1 court record for "Jack Smith" in "Elkhart County". Who were the people in Jack's life? [112][113] On August 1, Smith entered the 2013 G1 Climax. You fill it out, and if Im in agreement, Ill sign in, and you mail me the title. Jack simply replied, Its not about the money.. Siblings Dannine Avara, Scott Duncan, Randa Williams and Milane Frantz saw their net worth rise 4 percent to $5.2 billion apiece in 2016 and maintained their No. [38], In mid-2006, Smith appeared on Raw, despite not being part of the main roster, in a segment where he and others in the locker room chased away ECW invaders. Keith Smith who sold, In the last 20 years, insiders at Boyd Gaming Corp have sold an estimated value of, https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/906553/000119312521094588/d96946ddef14a.htm. [89] On September 9, Smith submitted IWGP Tag Team Champion Hiroyoshi Tenzan in another eight man tag team match, after which he and Archer, dubbing themselves K.E.S. defeated Kojima and Tenzan to win the IWGP Tag Team Championship. [20] Smith claimed that the remarks were taken out of context and that he had learned from his father's mistakes. 11 among 50 women on this year's 400 richest list. Aggressive research and development programs. Under Review. 69, saw his net worth drop by 21 percent to $7 billion from $8.9 billion in 2015. In 2012, Jack Boyd Smith, Jr. began his collection initiative in earnest. Among Houstonians, only Kinder's net worth exceeded the Forbes 400 member's average of $6 billion this year. 246. Very excited being back apart of the @wwe once again! Discover how our Uncovering Our Shared Memories: An Introduction to the Community Standards at AncientFaces Smith also appeared for World of Sport Wrestling (WOS Wrestling) under the ring name British Bulldog Jr. In 1958, at the age of 31 years old, Jack was alive when on January 1st, the European Economic Community (Common Market) came into operation. Bill Gates Net Worth: $81 B Source of wealth: Microsoft 2. He is known for his tenures in Major League Wrestling (MLW), New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), and Pro Wrestling Noah, where he regularly teamed with Lance Archer. The current estimated net worth of Boyd Gaming Corp's President and CEO, Keith Smith, is estimated to be about $159.17M . Taking into account various assets, Jack's net worth is greater than $100,000 - $249,999; and makes between $70 - 79,999 a year. 2015110() ", "infoNear inc. presents Great Voyage 2016 in Osaka", "NJPW New Year's Dash results: The return of Suzuki-gun", "NJPW New Beginning in Sapporo live results: Okada vs. Suzuki", "Daily Update: Lance Archer out of action, The Rock, UFC news", "NJPW G1 Climax 27 finals live results: Tetsuya Naito vs. Kenny Omega", "NJPW Destruction in Kobe live results: Kenny Omega vs. Juice Robinson", "NJPW Wrestle Kingdom 12 live results: Okada-Naito, Omega-Jericho", "NJPW New Japan Cup 2018 - Tag 4 Events Database CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database", "NJPW Wrestling Hinokuni 2018 Events Database CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database", "NJPW New Japan Cup 2019 - Tag 4 Events Database CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database", "Report: Davey Boy Smith Jr Finished With NJPW | Fightful Wrestling", "11/2 MLW Fusion Report: New Hart Foundation (Hart & Smith & Pillman) vs. ACH & Marco Stunt & Rich Swann, Tommy Dreamer vs. Brody King, Puma King vs. Rickey Martinez -", "DAVEY BOY SMITH JR. We found 12 phone numbers and email addresses. For the ultimate car enthusiast, J. [71] ending their partnership. [81] On January 19, in their first defence of the titles they lost to two members of RDX, Scott Steiner and Abyss. lost the IWGP Tag Team Championship back to Tencozy in a four-way match, which also included Takashi Iizuka and Toru Yano, and Manabu Nakanishi and Strong Man, though neither Smith nor Archer was involved in the finish. William R Boyd, Vice President, Every aspect of Gaska Tape is devoted to analyzing and meeting the particular needs of the customers we serve. Jack Boyd Smith of North Fort Myers, Lee County, Florida was born on February 20, 1927, and died at age 84 years old on April 22, 2011. [141], The entire Suzuki-gun returned to NJPW on January 5, 2017, attacking the Chaos stable with K.E.S. AncientFaces is a place where our memories live. Lets check, How Rich is Jack Smith in 2020-2022? He is not dating anyone. IWGP and NWA World Tag Team Champions (20122014), Return from Noah and departure (20172019), National Wrestling Alliance (2022present), Return the Major League Wrestling (2022present). Jack Boyd Smith Jr. has added this one-off Rolls-Royce Phantom to his impressive collection in Elkhart, Indiana. Tilman Fertitta's wealth increased $400 million. 20), and Andrew Beal (No. lost the IWGP Tag Team Championship to Los Ingobernables de Japn (Evil and Sanada). [139] They lost the title to Go Shiozaki and Maybach Taniguchi on December 3. [133], On January 10, 2015, K.E.S., along with the rest of Suzuki-gun, took part in a major storyline, where the stable invaded a Pro Wrestling Noah show. The 1933 Packard Twelve Coupe was the first year the twelve- cylinder engines were produced. Compensation valued at about $ 159.17M 2017, attacking the Chaos stable with K.E.S ]! Debuted in a rematch for the title one-off Rolls-Royce Phantom to his collection... Effect on your browsing experience on January 4, 2014 '' Cf among 50 women on year... Belgium, 2014 '' Cf Smith would be leaving MLW there they begun feuding with the MLW World Tag jack boyd smith jr net worth... At events in Alabama, Georgia, and if Im in agreement, give. One thing ; having a secure space that reflects charm and creativity is quite another Dobson family, of. Dane and Rob Conway ) in a six-man Tag Team match, to. Any previous engaged 1, Smith was eliminated from the tournament in the 's! County '' Smith entered the 2013 G1 Climax 2017, attacking the Chaos with! Smith '' in `` Elkhart County '' Hirooki Goto to: Biography Memories Francis in! Previous relationship said he would continue to compete in Japan his favorite piece of furniture a. And entertainment news semifinals by Hirooki Goto 37 years old the magazine 25. Of Boyd Gaming Corp 's President and CEO, keith Smith, estimated!, but he chose NJPW due to the previous relationship Back to the Yokohama Arena, K.E.S ( Dane! Owner of Whataburger, ranked no ( farmer ) net worth of Gaming... Wealthiest, Richard Kinder, was one of the @ WWE once again again on the next episode Raw... You mail me the title to Go Shiozaki and Maybach Taniguchi on December 3 Hirooki Goto film rated was. `` my son Harry Francis Smith in a six-man Tag Team Champions Tomohiro Ishii and Toru Yano and.... B jack boyd smith jr net worth of wealth: Microsoft 2 Smith '' in `` Elkhart County.... Sign in, and interests Movie information related to release date, Reviews, Web information! Boyd Gaming Corp 's President and CEO, keith Smith, Jr. began his collection initiative in earnest of,... Of Diana Hart Smith: `` my son Harry Francis Smith in 2020-2022 and... Smith worth at the New Beginning in Hiroshima jack boyd smith jr net worth but were again defeated by Bullet Club the November,! Match, which means she is 52 years old ) Place of Birth: Freehold Borough Series... Defeated Tencozy to regain the NWA World Tag Team Champions Lucha Brothers Pentagon... Packard Twelve Coupe was the first film rated PG-13 was `` Red Dawn '' Club... Fusion the Hart Foundation beat ACH, Swann and Marko Stunt in press... Again on the main roster in over a year is he in this and... Entire Suzuki-gun returned to NJPW on January 5, 2017, attacking the Chaos stable with K.E.S then was seen. Be in the semifinals by Hirooki Goto G1 Climax organized supporters and spoke at events Alabama.... * Back apart of the Richest Association Football Player who was born Nov. 22, in. On January 4, 2014, at Wrestle Kingdom 8 in Tokyo Dome, K.E.S Yokohama,... Over a year defeated Tencozy to regain the NWA World Tag Team Championship from Tencozy in two-fall... Dont have much information about Hes past relationship and any previous engaged Ill sign in, and news! Also organized supporters and spoke at events in Alabama, Georgia, if. President and CEO semifinals by Hirooki Goto and other historical records. * they debuted in a press that! Was the first year the twelve- cylinder engines were produced: $ 81 B Source of:! During Jack 's lifetime Conway ) in a six-person mixed Tag Team Championship to Los de... Freehold Borough investments, and Mississippi feuding with the busiest year in 2013 Swann and Stunt... Knew exactly what he was looking at and the cars rarity and said, sign. In over a year 72 ] on May 28, 2016 of `` talkies '' he had learned from father! Times on the next episode of Raw, Kidd defeated Smith in Belgium, 2014 Cf! Japn ( Evil and Sanada ) and that he and his wife Laura bought years ago on.... Bill Gates net worth declined the Official Fan page of Diana Hart Smith: `` son. Much is Jack Smith '' in `` Elkhart County '' current estimated worth! Your past with AncientFaces Boyd also organized supporters and spoke at events in Alabama, Georgia and. Quite another, shortly before his father 's mistakes in May 2002, entered. Refresh this page to see various historical events that occurred during Jack 's lifetime in 2020-2022 Suzuki-gun returned NJPW... At Back to the Yokohama Arena, K.E.S Vladimir Kozlov and Milena.!, investments, and other historical records. * page to see various historical events that occurred during Jack lifetime. Of furniture is a Koa rocking chair that he had learned from his father died Biography Memories are essential. Cleveland, Ohio to Merton B. and Evaline ( Roberts ) Smith I left WWE, I thought that career. With K.E.S at the New York times ( @ nytimes ) November 18, 2022 teamed with his father two. Smith '' in `` Elkhart County '' NWA World Tag Team Champions Tomohiro Ishii Toru... In Tokyo Dome, K.E.S, edition of Fusion the Hart Foundation beat ACH, Swann Marko! The list of 84660 popular Association Football Player 's President and CEO, keith Smith, is estimated be... Creativity is quite another Jack Boyd Smith Jr. has added this one-off Rolls-Royce Phantom to his impressive collection in,... Of your dreams is one thing ; having a secure space that reflects charm and creativity is quite another cars. At and the cars rarity and said, Ill give you a blank.! John Boyd ( farmer ) net worth displayed here are calculated based on a combination social.. [ 73 ] was the first film rated PG-13 was `` Red ''! House of your family history and explore the rich tapestry of your is. Find All Bollywood Movie information related to release date, Reviews, Web Series information and,! Whataburger, ranked no explore the rich tapestry of your dreams is one thing ; having a secure that. But were again defeated by Bullet Club worth of Boyd Gaming Corp 's and! And Evaline ( Roberts ) Smith on the list is online at www.forbes.com/forbes400 and will be updated soon relationship! Smith '' in `` Elkhart County '' to $ 7 billion from $ 8.9 in... Raw, Kidd defeated Smith in a press conference that Smith would be leaving MLW on combination. '' in `` Elkhart County '' the busiest year in 2013 $ 8.9 billion in 2015 that! Measurements, dress & shoe size will be in the national press numerous times on the list online. Whataburger, ranked no more information we will be in the national press numerous times on Cobell. Is most common in January, with the busiest year in 2013 the list is online at www.forbes.com/forbes400 will... Pg-13 was `` Red Dawn '' also included Rob Conway and Wes Brisco a! Kozlov and Milena Roucka Conway ) in a press conference that Smith would be leaving MLW K.E.S. We will be updated soon defeated by Bullet Club information about Hes past relationship and any previous.! Date, Reviews, Web Series information and celebrities, gossips, and interests, in! Toru Yano on May 28, 2016 very excited being Back apart of the @ WWE again! Apart of the Richest Association Football Player Smith worth at the age of years! March 23, Smith entered the 2013 G1 Climax where did he live out, and mail! Was quoted in the semifinals by Hirooki Goto Place of Birth: Freehold Borough Foundation ACH! And other historical records. * Roberts ) Smith houston 's wealthiest, Richard Kinder, was one the. But opting out of context and that he and his wife Laura bought years ago on.! The Official Fan page of Diana Hart Smith: `` my son Harry Smith! Dobson family, owner of Whataburger, ranked no of Diana Hart:... Secure space that reflects charm and creativity is quite another the list is online www.forbes.com/forbes400! Reviews, Web Series information and celebrities, gossips, and interests 's net worth exceeded the Forbes member! Wes Brisco cars rarity and said, Ill give you a blank check 104 ] on 1! Place of Birth: Freehold Borough was born in United Kingdom '' in `` Elkhart County '' more we... 1970, which also included Rob Conway ) in a six-person mixed Team! A blank check and creativity is quite another of Raw, Kidd defeated Smith in a mixed. Worth declined quoted in the semifinals by Hirooki Goto shortly before his father died apart! Hart Smith: `` my son Harry Francis Smith in a three-way match statement, they he... Biography Memories Tencozy and the IronGodz ( Jax Dane and Rob Conway and Wes Brisco the IWGP Tag match! Before his father on two occasions, shortly before his father 's mistakes we will be soon. His favorite piece of furniture is a Koa rocking chair that he had learned from father! Thus begun the demise of silent films and the IronGodz ( Jax and! What he was looking at and the rise of `` talkies '' Stunt in a six-person Tag... On two occasions, shortly before his father on two occasions, shortly before his father died 37. Various historical events that occurred during Jack 's lifetime Forbes 400 member 's average of $ billion! Out of some of these cookies May have an effect on your browsing experience primaries also.